What
does Routing Information Protocol (RIP) mean?
Routing
Information Protocol (RIP) is a dynamic protocol used to find the best route or
path from end-to-end (source to destination) over a network by using a routing
metric/hop count algorithm. This algorithm is used to determine the shortest
path from the source to destination, which allows the data to be delivered at
high speed in the shortest time.
For
avoiding routing Loops in (RIP):
Maximum
Hop Count: RIP permits a hop count of up to
15, so anything that requires 16 hops is deemed unreachable.
Split
Horizon : This reduces incorrect routing
information and routing overhead in a distance-vector network by enforcing the
rule that routing information cannot be sent back in the direction from which
it was received.
Route
Poisoning : When Network goes down, Router
initiates route poisoning by advertising Network as 16, or unreachable.
Hold-Down
Timers : Prevents RIP from accepting any new
updates foroutes in a hold-down state, until the hold-down timer expires. If
Router Asends an update to Router B with a higher metric than what is currently
in Router B’s routing table, that route will be placed in a hold-down state.(Router
A’s metric for the 172.18.0.0 network is 1; while Router B’s metricis 0).
RIP Timers
Route update timer
Sets the interval (typically 30 seconds) between periodic routing updates in which the router sends a complete copy of its routing table out to all neighbors.
Sets the interval (typically 30 seconds) between periodic routing updates in which the router sends a complete copy of its routing table out to all neighbors.
Route
invalid timer
determines the length of time that must elapse (180 seconds) before a router determines that a route has become invalid. It will come to this conclusion if it hasn’t heard any updates about a particular route for that period. When that happens, the router will send out updates to all its neighbors letting them know that the route is invalid.
determines the length of time that must elapse (180 seconds) before a router determines that a route has become invalid. It will come to this conclusion if it hasn’t heard any updates about a particular route for that period. When that happens, the router will send out updates to all its neighbors letting them know that the route is invalid.
Hold-down
timerthis sets the amount of time during which routing information is suppressed. Routes will enter into the hold-down state when an update packet is received that indicated the route is unreachable. This continues either until an update packet is received with a better metric or until the hold-down timer expires. The default is 180 seconds.
Route
flush timer
sets the time between a route becoming invalid and its removal from the routing table (240 seconds). Before it’s removed from the table, the router notifies its neighbors of that route’s impending demise. The value of the route invalid timer must be less than that of the route flush timer. This gives the router enough time to tell its neighbors about the invalid route before the local routing table is updated.
sets the time between a route becoming invalid and its removal from the routing table (240 seconds). Before it’s removed from the table, the router notifies its neighbors of that route’s impending demise. The value of the route invalid timer must be less than that of the route flush timer. This gives the router enough time to tell its neighbors about the invalid route before the local routing table is updated.
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